Maria Rogdaki1, Xinhua Xiao*
Corresponding author: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK. E‑mail: maria.rogdaki@kcl.ac.uk
Citation: Maria Rogdaki, Scatena A Dual Inhibitor Overcomes Drug-resistant FLT3-ITD Acute Myeloid Leukemia published in Med Science Journals.
Received Date: 02 August 2021 Accepted in Revised Form: 16 August 2021 Published Date: 04 September 2021
Abstract
FLT3 mutations are among the most common genetic alterations in acute-myeloid leukemia (AML). They are associated with poor prognosis. Multiple FLT3 inhibitors have been in clinical evaluation at various stages. Resistance to FLT3 inhibitors due to acquired point mutations in the tyrosine-kinase domain (TKD), have limited the effectiveness of treatments. A “gatekeeper” mutation (F691L), is also resistant to most FLT3 inhibitors. New therapies are therefore needed.
FLT3 inhibitors are needed to protect against FLT3-TKD mutations and FLT3 internal tandem duplicate (FLT3–ITD). We identified KX2-391, a dual FLT3/tubulin inhibitor, and examined its efficacy and mechanisms for overcoming drug-resistant FLT3ITD-TKD mutations. KX2-391 had potent growth inhibitory effects and apoptosis promoting effects on AML cell lines that harbor FLT3-ITD mutations. KX2-391 orally administered significantly prolonged the survival time of a murine model with leukemia caused by FLT3ITD-F691L. KX2-391 also inhibited growth of primary AML cells that express FLT3ITD-F691L and 2 primary cells that are FLT3ITD-D835Y. Preclinical data suggest that KX2-391 is a promising FLT3 inhibitor.
The treatment of AML patients with FLT3 mutations, particularly refractory/relapsed patients suffering from F691L or other FLT3TKD mutations.
Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, FLT3ITD, FLT3 Resistance Mutation, KX2-391, AC220
10.54137/ijotr111